June 23, 2019

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dddomodossola/remi

Python REMote Interface library. Platform independent. In about 100 Kbytes, perfect for your diet.


repo name	dddomodossola/remi
repo link	https://github.com/dddomodossola/remi
homepage
language	Python
size (curr.)	4115 kB
stars (curr.)	2229
created	2014-03-20
license	Apache License 2.0

Do you need support?

There is also a drag n drop GUI Editor. Look at the Editor subfolder to download your copy.

Changelog

2019 December 26

Since now remi is adopting class properties to setup css style and html attributes to make the applicable properties explicit. This means that for example, to change a widget background you can now do:

    mywidget.css_background_color = 'green'

The old method to setup style and attributes is still accepted:

    mywidget.style['background-color'] = 'green'

2019 November 21

Widget class has no more append method. This means it cannot be used as a Container. Use the new class Container as a generic container instead. This allows higher code consistency.

2019 April 1

Event listener registration can now be done by the do instruction instead of connect (that stays available for compatibility reasons). i.e.

mybutton.onclick.do(myevent_listener)

Older changes

The current branch includes improvements about resource files handling. App constructor accepts static_file_path parameter. Its value have to be a dictionary, where elements represents named resources paths.

i.e.

super(MyApp, self).__init__(*args, static_file_path = {'my_resources':'./files/resources/', 'my_other_res':'./other/'})

To address a specific resource, the user have to specify the resource folder key, prepending it to the filename in the format '/key:' i.e.

my_widget.attributes['background-image'] = "url('/my_resources:image.png')"

Subfolders are accepted, and so:

my_widget.attributes['background-image'] = "url('/my_resources:subfolder/other_subfolder/image.png')"

The event TextInput.onenter is no longer supported.

The events TextInput.onkeydown and TextInput.onkeyup are now different, and require a different listener format. There is an additional parameter keycode.

The TextInput.onchange event now occurs also in case of Enter key pressed, if TextInput is single_line.

Getting Started

For a stable version:

pip install remi

For the most updated experimental version Download or check out Remi from git and install

python setup.py install

or install directly using pip

pip install git+https://github.com/dddomodossola/remi.git

Then start the test script (download it from github https://github.com/dddomodossola/remi/blob/master/examples/widgets_overview_app.py):

python widgets_overview_app.py

Remi

Platform independent Python GUI library. In less than 100 Kbytes of source code, perfect for your diet.

Remi enables developers to create platform independent GUI with Python. The entire GUI is rendered in your browser. No HTML is required, Remi automatically translates your Python code into HTML. When your app starts, it starts a web server that will be accessible on your network.

A basic application appears like this:

import remi.gui as gui
from remi import start, App

class MyApp(App):
    def __init__(self, *args):
        super(MyApp, self).__init__(*args)

    def main(self):
        container = gui.VBox(width=120, height=100)
        self.lbl = gui.Label('Hello world!')
        self.bt = gui.Button('Press me!')

        # setting the listener for the onclick event of the button
        self.bt.onclick.do(self.on_button_pressed)

        # appending a widget to another, the first argument is a string key
        container.append(self.lbl)
        container.append(self.bt)

        # returning the root widget
        return container

    # listener function
    def on_button_pressed(self, widget):
        self.lbl.set_text('Button pressed!')
        self.bt.set_text('Hi!')

# starts the web server
start(MyApp)

In order to see the user interface, open your preferred browser and type “http://127.0.0.1:8081”. You can change the URL address by specific **kwargs at start function call. This will be discussed later.

Tested on Android, Linux, Windows. Useful on Raspberry Pi for Python script development. It allows interacting with your Raspberry Pi remotely from your mobile device.

FAQ

Why another GUI lib? Kivy, PyQT, and PyGObject all require native code for the host operating system, which means installing or compiling large dependencies. Remi needs only a web browser to show your GUI.
Do I need to know HTML? NO, It is not required, you have to code only in Python.
Is it open source? For sure! Remi is released under the Apache License. See the LICENSE file for more details.
Do I need some kind of web server? No, it’s included.

Brief tutorial

Import Remi library and some other useful stuff.

import remi.gui as gui
from remi import start, App

Subclass the App class and declare a main function that will be the entry point of the application. Inside the main function you have to return the root widget.

class MyApp(App):
    def __init__(self, *args):
        super(MyApp, self).__init__(*args)

    def main(self):
        lbl = gui.Label("Hello world!", width=100, height=30)

        # return of the root widget
        return lbl

Outside the main class, start the application by calling the function start and passing the name of the class you declared previously as the parameter:

# starts the webserver
start(MyApp)

Run the script. If it’s all OK the GUI will be opened automatically in your browser, otherwise, you have to type in the address bar “http://127.0.0.1:8081”.

You can customize optional parameters in the start call like:

start(MyApp, address='127.0.0.1', port=8081, multiple_instance=False, enable_file_cache=True, update_interval=0.1, start_browser=True)

Parameters:

address: network interface IP
port: listen port
multiple_instance: boolean, if True multiple clients that connect to your script has different App instances (identified by unique cookie session identifier)
enable_file_cache: boolean, if True enable resource caching
update_interval: GUI update interval in seconds. If zero, the update happens at each change. If zero, the App.idle method is not called.
start_browser: boolean that defines if the browser should be opened automatically at startup
standalone: boolean, indicates where to run the application as a standard Desktop application with its own window. If False, the interface is shown in a browser webpage.

Additional Parameters:

username: for a basic HTTP authentication
password: for a basic HTTP authentication
certfile: SSL certificate filename
keyfile: SSL key file
ssl_version: authentication version (i.e. ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2). If None disables SSL encryption

All widgets constructors accept two standards**kwargs that are:

width: can be expressed as int (and is interpreted as a pixel) or as str (and you can specify the measuring unit like ‘10%')
height: can be expressed as int (and is interpreted as a pixel) or as str (and you can specify the measuring unit like ‘10%')

Events and callbacks

Widgets expose a set of events that happen during user interaction. Such events are a convenient way to define the application behavior. Each widget has its own callbacks, depending on the type of user interaction it allows. The specific callbacks for the widgets will be illustrated later.

In order to register a function as an event listener you have to call a function like eventname.do (i.e. onclick.do) passing as parameters the callback that will manage the event. Follows an example:

import remi.gui as gui
from remi import start, App

class MyApp(App):
    def __init__(self, *args):
        super(MyApp, self).__init__(*args)

    def main(self):
        container = gui.VBox(width=120, height=100)
        self.lbl = gui.Label('Hello world!')
        self.bt = gui.Button('Press me!')

        # setting the listener for the onclick event of the button
        self.bt.onclick.do(self.on_button_pressed)

        # appending a widget to another, the first argument is a string key
        container.append(self.lbl)
        container.append(self.bt)

        # returning the root widget
        return container

    # listener function
    def on_button_pressed(self, widget):
        self.lbl.set_text('Button pressed!')
        self.bt.set_text('Hi!')

# starts the web server
start(MyApp)

In the shown example self.bt.onclick.do(self.on_button_pressed) registers the self’s on_button_pressed function as a listener for the event onclick exposed by the Button widget. Simple, easy.

Listener’s callbacks will receive the emitter’s instance firstly, then all other parameters provided by the specific event.

Besides the standard event registration (as aforementioned), it is possible to pass user parameters to listener functions. This can be achieves appending parameters to the do function call.

import remi.gui as gui
from remi import start, App

class MyApp(App):
    def __init__(self, *args):
        super(MyApp, self).__init__(*args)

    def main(self):
        container = gui.VBox(width=120, height=100)
        self.lbl = gui.Label('Hello world!')
        self.bt = gui.Button('Hello name!')
        self.bt2 = gui.Button('Hello name surname!')

        # setting the listener for the onclick event of the buttons
        self.bt.onclick.do(self.on_button_pressed, "Name")
        self.bt2.onclick.do(self.on_button_pressed, "Name", "Surname")

        # appending a widget to another
        container.append(self.lbl)
        container.append(self.bt)
        container.append(self.bt2)

        # returning the root widget
        return container

    # listener function
    def on_button_pressed(self, widget, name='', surname=''):
        self.lbl.set_text('Button pressed!')
        widget.set_text('Hello ' + name + ' ' + surname)

# starts the web server
start(MyApp)

This allows great flexibility, getting different behaviors with the same event listener definition.

HTML Attribute accessibility

Sometimes it is required to access Widget’s HTML representation in order to manipulate HTML attributes. The library allows accessing this information easily.

A simple example: It is the case where you would like to add a hover text to a widget. This can be achieved by the title attribute of an HTML tag. In order to do this:

    widget_instance.attributes['title'] = 'Your title content'

A special case of HTML attribute is the style. The style attributes can be altered in this way:

    widget_instance.style['color'] = 'red'

The assignment of a new attribute automatically creates it.

For a reference list of HTML attributes, you can refer to https://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_attributes.asp

For a reference list of style attributes, you can refer to https://www.w3schools.com/cssref/default.asp

Take care about internally used attributes. These are:

class: It is used to store the Widget class name for styling purpose
id: It is used to store the instance id of the widget for callback management

Remote access

If you are using your REMI app remotely, with a DNS and behind a firewall, you can specify special parameters in the start call:

port: HTTP server port. Don’t forget to NAT this port on your router;

start(MyApp, address='0.0.0.0', port=8081)

Standalone Execution

I suggest using the browser as a standard interface window.

However, you can avoid using the browser. This can be simply obtained joining REMI and PyWebView. Here is an example about this standalone_app.py.

Be aware that PyWebView uses qt, gtk and so on to create the window. An outdated version of these libraries can cause UI problems. If you experience UI issues, update these libraries, or better avoid standalone execution.

Authentication

In order to limit remote access to your interface, you can define a username and password. It consists of a simple authentication process. Just define the parameters username and password in the start call:

start(MyApp, username='myusername', password='mypassword')

Styling

In order to define a new style for your app, you have to do the following. Create a res folder and pass it to your App class constructor:

class MyApp(App):
    def __init__(self, *args):
        res_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'res')
        super(MyApp, self).__init__(*args, static_file_path={'res':res_path})

Copy the standard style.css file from the remi folder and paste it inside your res folder. Edit it in order to customize. This way the standard style.css file gets overridden by the one you created.

Compatibility

Remi is made to be compatible from Python2.7 to Python3.X. Please notify compatibility issues.

Security

Remi should be intended as a standard desktop GUI framework. The library itself doesn’t implement security strategies, and so it is advised to not expose its access to unsafe public networks.

When loading data from external sources, consider protecting the application from potential javascript injection before displaying the content directly.

Supporting the project

Are you able to support the Remi project?

Are you aware that remi is on Patreon? That’s a brilliant way to support this project.

SUPPORT Remi now

Also, a small amount is really welcome.

Contributors

Thank you for collaborating with us to make Remi better!

The real power of opensource is contributors. Please feel free to participate in this project, and consider to add yourself to the following list. Yes, I know that GitHub already provides a list of contributors, but I feel that I must mention who helps.

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App Template For REMI: A really well written template for multiview applications.

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